Off-ball movement done with the purpose of preserving possession is referred to as giving support. The above term, “preserving possession” is intentionally so broad, for it can encompass the different variations of providing support. Generally, showing up for a pass is considered an offensive action, but closer examination proves that supporting runs can have a defensive character. Possession in itself must not be associated with attacking. For example, many teams possess the ball when trying to preserve a narrow lead.

General principles

Spacing
When attacking, players must preserve a generally spaced out arrangement. This gives them an advantage by forcing the defensive team to spread out. It would be easier for a defender to cover or pressure two attackers when they are close together. Attackers should make sure that they are not bunching up. When a teammate, for example is dribbling in your direction, you must move out of his way and pick another spot to position yourself. Most likely, the place where your teammate is coming from is the closest free spot that can be used. The same applies when making runs. If a teammate is running into your spot, you must find another one, or take his. From another point of view, if you're making a run to a spot where a teammate is already present, notify him to move out of your way.

Creating space
When defending, a team would usually saturate the area in front of their own goal. This makes it less permeable to direct attacks. Logically, when trying to get open for a pass, a player must usually move away from the enemy’s pressure zone. That means moving back or towards the sideline, away from the middle of the pitch.

Target man
A player, who is situated in an "appetizing" area is almost always marked. If he wants to receive a pass, he can run away from that area bringing his marker along. If properly timed, this play should leave a gaping hole in the defensive line, suitable for a through pass or for another attacker to move into. Another variation might be actually passing the ball to the target player. He moves sideways or back with the ball, drawing his marker in, and then lays it back to the distributor. Dribbling sideways or toward one’s own goal is a good way of pulling apart tight defensive lines.

Methods of Giving Support

Back support
Giving back support means showing up for a pass, behind the ball carrier. When the ball is on the flank, it is usually appropriate to provide him with back support. Usually, support is given so that the ball can be moved over to the other flank.

Changing point of attack
A pass, usually perpendicular to the goal line, is made to create a shooting opportunity. Changes of the flank with a long surprising pass creates a lot of work for a shifted, compact defense.